#1
Protection
Wear full PPE, including SCBA mask or FFP2 respirator, until all decontamination phases are complete
Exclusive scientific study conducted by SIOEN FIRE
Skin contamination in Firefighters
At SIOEN FIRE, our commitment goes beyond manufacturing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). As a responsible industry leader, we have launched an in-depth scientific study into the risk of skin contamination among firefighters, in line with the European PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425.
Our goal: to better understand and reduce skin exposure to toxic substances during and after firefighting operations.
Why This Study Matters
Firefighters are exposed to a complex mix of toxic substances — including particles, gases, vapours, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) — during every intervention. While inhalation risks are well documented, knowledge about skin absorption remains limited and under-researched. That’s why SIOEN has invested in a series of independent scientific studies, carried out in collaboration with certified laboratories and expert toxicologists.
Methodology & Key Findings
Particle Filtration
Multiple textile layers — even without a dedicated membrane — can block part of the airborne fine particles.
Tested according to NFPA 1971:2018, ASTM F2299, and EN 1822-3.
PPE Interfaces
Interfaces between garments and other PPE (e.g., SCBA belt, trouser cuffs) allow particle ingress, particularly during movements like squatting.
“Pumping effects” may increase penetration in these areas.
Gas and Vapour Permeation
No current EN 469 X2-certified PPE completely prevents gas permeation. This confirms that contamination risks remain, even when compliant gear is worn.
Skin Absorption Study (OECD 428)
No measurable transdermal penetration was detected. Only trace levels of certain PAHs (phenanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene) were observed after 24 hours of skin contact.
Health Risk Assessment
Based on a worst-case exposure scenario, health risks are considered very low, provided all PPE is worn correctly and proper post-incident hygiene practices are followed.
Key Recommendations to Reduce Skin Exposure
#2
Minimization
Limit exposure time and reduce frequency of operations in contaminated areas
#3
Hygiene
Shower immediately after intervention and change into clean clothing
#4
Cleaning
Clean all contaminated PPE, equipment, and tools without delay
#5
Monitoring
Implement annual targeted medical check-ups
SIOEN FIRE
A Committed Partner in Long-Term Firefighter Safety
This study reflects our strong commitment to advancing applied research in the field - with the goal of delivering firefighting gear that is ever more effective, safer, and environmentally responsible.
To access the full report or speak with our R&D team
To access the full report or speak with our R&D team